MPB, which stands for Música Popular Brasileira (Brazilian Popular Music in Portuguese), is a popular music genre in Brazil that emerged during the 1960s. It encompasses a wide range of musical styles and influences, including bossa nova, samba, folk, rock, and jazz. MPB is known for its poetic lyrics, melodic beauty, and social commentary, and it has become an integral part of Brazilian cultural identity. This musical movement has given rise to numerous Brazilian artists, including Jorge Ben Jor, Marcos Valle, Ivan Lins, Novos Baianos, Belchior, and Dominguinhos. Each of these artists has crafted unique styles that have, in turn, sparked their trends within the genre. The term is frequently employed to characterize a broader category of music with Brazilian roots and a distinctive "voice and guitar style" that emerged in the late 1960s.
MUSICALITY
MPB features acoustic guitars, pianos, percussion instruments, and brass sections. The genre embraces both intimate and elaborate arrangements, allowing for a rich variety of musical textures.
The genre artists often showcase intricate melodies, harmonies, and chord progressions, highlighting the technical brilliance and creativity of the musicians involved. The genre's versatility and willingness to experiment have contributed to its enduring popularity.
THEMES
Lyrically, MPB explores a wide range of themes, reflecting the socio-political landscape of Brazil. Many songs address love, relationships, and personal experiences, delving into the complexities of human emotions. Others tackle social issues, inequality, and political commentary, offering a platform for artists to express their views and advocate for change.
MPB also draws inspiration from Brazilian culture, folklore, and regional traditions, showcasing the diversity of the country. It celebrates Brazil's natural beauty, pays homage to its history, and reflects on the challenges faced by its people. The genre's ability to capture the essence of Brazilian society has contributed to its enduring relevance.
During the early 1970s, a surge in government censorship significantly restricted artistic expression, particularly in music. Artists found themselves constrained, facing limitations on the type of music they could create. Nonconformity with the standards imposed by the law posed a serious risk, and those who resisted conformity faced the threat of exile. The increased censorship had a chilling effect on the diversity and freedom of expression within the music scene, compelling artists to navigate a narrow path dictated by government regulations.
FAMOUS ARTISTS
MPB has produced numerous influential and beloved artists who have left a lasting impact on Brazilian music. Some notable MPB artists include Caetano Veloso, Gilberto Gil, Chico Buarque, Elis Regina, Milton Nascimento, Maria Bethânia, Djavan, Marisa Monte, and Gal Costa.
Just like bossa nova, MPB aimed to create a very distinctly "national" Brazilian music by incorporating elements from traditional styles. MPB gained significant prominence with televised music festivals playing a pivotal role in its success. The emergence of MPB is frequently linked to Elis Regina's rendition of "Arrastão," a song by Vinícius de Moraes and Edu Lobo.
